Improved process op welding and tempering shear-blades



anna savo pagal apie.

HERMANN WENDT, F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY l SEYMOUR & OO., OF NEW YORK CITY;

Letters Patent No. 103,693, dated May 31, 1870. i

The Schedule refene to in these Letters Patent ana making part of the same.

i I, l-ERMANN WENDT, of Elizabeth, in the oounty of- Union and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and usefnl Process for W`elding and Si-4 multaneously Tempering the Steel Blades .of Scissors,

Shears, and other Outting-Tools, of which the followmg is a specification.

- Nature and Objeots of the Im'ention.

The nature of my'invention consists in welding or uniting the steel blades to the iron handles or main parts of cutting instruments, and at the same time tempering them. by compressing the parts while in a heated state between dies of proper form.

The means commonly employed at the present time in the manufacture of cutting instruments to unite the blades and handles, is either weld'ing them together with a hammer, by hand, or with a dropa weight arranged to drop upon the articles placed beneath it, on a suitable bed; but the great objection'to this process is the liability of the parts io be broken by the peroussiou.

lThe process,,also in common use, of tempering'the parts to .the proper degree necessaryto give them a good eutting-edge, by heating and immersing in water or oil, is likewise attended with many objections. The operationis one of great care and nicety, and occnpies considerable time. The blades are frequently warped and distorted -by the action of the water, so that it is necessary to draw the temper and straighten them with a hammer, and nfterward temper lthem a second time; and the resulting loss to the manufacturer, both inv stock and in the expenditure of time, is considerable. v

Thepobjeet of my invention is to' remove these difficulties attcnding the manufacture of cutting instruments, by enabling the Operations of welding and tempering to be performed jointly, at one and the same time, thereby reduciug the cost of production of 4the instruments.

- Description of the Drawing.

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of the dies employed in this process.

Figure 2 is a view of a scissors7 blank, before it is placed in the dies.

General Description.

The dies, fig. 1, are made of al curved shape, the lower die being made coneave and lthe upper one convex, in about the ratio of one-sixteenth of an inch to an inch in length of the blades, for the purpose of preventiug the blanks from twisting or warping outJ of the proper shape after they have been removcd from the dies and haqe become cold.

The tendeucy of the blades while cooling, after they are removed from the dies, is to bend and become set into a curved shape, as shown in fig. 4, in about the ratio of one-sixteenth of an inch to each inch of their length. In constructing the dies, therefore, I make them of a sufiicient curve iu the-opposite direction to force the .blades when cooling to bc-.

come set straight enough for the suhsequent operations of grinding and polishing'.

In the dies as thus Constructed I place the blank and steel part forming the bladc, heated to a cherryred, the surfaces to be united being coated with borax, and subject them to compression in a suitable press; and for the purpose of tempering the blade 1 retain it in the dies a length of time proportionatc to the size of the instrument. A scisso'rs7 blank of the size shown in the drawing, for ins'tancc, should be kept in the dies for about three seconds. blank has been removed from the dies, the heat romaining in the iron part ofit will draw the tcmpcr of the stcellpart which has been chillcd in the dies sufficiently to give the blade, when finished, a propcr cutting-cdgc, and to allow the steel while cooling to contract and become set with theI iron into thev required straight form. The hcavier -the parts are made the longer time should they be kept in the dies.

VThe time for each article can be readily ascertained by experiment.

By the employment of this-process the loss of parts by breakage during the operation of welding, by percussion or with ahammer, is prevented, while thc trouble and the cost iu time and labor incident to the old process of tcmpering are removcd.

The cutting qualit-ies of the instruments produccd by this method are greatly Superior to those of the instrnments made under the old process, as the cdgcs are tempered nniformly, under every circumstance, to the same degree, whilein the old process, by hand, it is alm ost au impossibility to obtain two edges of the same tempcr.

I claim the within-described process of welding the blades or cutting parts of -scissors, shears, or other cutting tools to the handles thereof, by compression in curved dies and otherwise, as described, and simultaneously tempering them, in the manner substantially as described and specificd.

HERMANN WEl \1 DT.

Witnesses:

J As. Binary, EDWARD E. Osnomr.

After the 

